In May 2024, the Council of Europe adopted the world's first binding international treaty on artificial intelligence (AI). This landmark convention aims to ensure AI systems respect human rights, democracy and the rule of law. But what does it actually entail, and what challenges lie ahead in its implementation?
The Council of Europe AI Convention represents a significant step forward in establishing global standards for responsible AI development and use. Key aspects include:
- Scope covering both public and private sector AI activities
- Principles for human rights, transparency, accountability, and non-discrimination
- Requirements for risk assessment and mitigation
- Mechanisms for international cooperation and oversight
However, the convention faces implementation challenges around:
- Varying national legal frameworks, and the possibility for signatories to make a declaration about how they want to cover private sector AI activities
- Technical difficulties in areas like AI transparency and safety
- Engaging non-member states,especially China
- Developing effective enforcement mechanisms
While an important milestone, realizing the convention's goals will require sustained effort and cooperation from governments, industry, and civil society in the years ahead.
Read the full blog post with section on the convention's background, key content and implementation challenges at the JUSletter website (behind a paywall) or access a PDF text here.